Polling stations have opened to voters in the Tiverton & Honiton and Wakefield constituencies, as by-elections in both areas begin.
Both seats, based in Devon and West Yorkshire, respectively, were won by the Conservatives in the 2019 general election.
Helen Hurford is the Conservative candidate hoping to hold the Tiverton & Honiton seat for her party following the resignation of Tory MP Neil Parish, while Labour and the Liberal Democrats have put forward Liz Pole and Richard Foord, respectively, to contest.
The Green Party, Heritage Party, The For Britain Movement, Reform UK and UKIP have also put candidates forward.
In Wakefield, Conservative candidate Nadeem Ahmed hopes to keep the West Yorkshire seat blue following the departure of Imran Ahmad Khan, while Simon Robert Lightwood flies the campaign flag for Labour and Jamie Luke Needle is the Lib Dem hopeful.
Other candidates include independents Akef Akbar and Jayda Fransen, while the Green Party, Christian People's Alliance, Freedom Alliance, Official Monster Raving Loony Party, UKIP, Yorkshire Party, English Democrats, Northern Independence Party, Britain First and Reform UK have all submitted candidates.
Polling stations will remain open to voters until 22:00 BST on Thursday June 23.
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